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La Mont-Kessel GmbH & Co. KG is an engineering office existing for more than
70 years. We are working in the field of industrial heat exchanger design for
generating steam and hot water. La Mont supports you with calculations and
design works. Further on, we cooperate with ERK Eckrohrkessel GmbH in Berlin to
find solutions for sophisticated applications. The power of the boilers range
from small steam boilers of 0.8 t/h up to vast power plants of 3,000 t/h. Over
the years we have made an enormous number of references in all fields of firing,
erection and designing boilers and plants. Due to a changing power engineering
market innovations in the field of structured tubes technology are offered
(Industrial Power Tubes). These tubes have technical and economical advantages
at heat transfer and catalysis.
New market segments can be developed
with CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations of flow, combustion and heat
transfer processes in the field of industrial heat transfer technology as well
as with strength simulation. Additionally, we offer power engineering services
like measurements and design. La Mont also offers water treatment services for
boiler feed water treatment and conditioning as well as treatment of process
water, waste water and drinking water. We design plants and consult concerning
thermal/ electrical utilization of biomass based on own technical and financial
concepts.
Engineering and Re-Engineering service is offered for La Mont-Boilers as well as
other boiler types:- Basic und Detail-Engineering,
- Drafting of project, offer and workshop drawings (2D/3D AutoCAD and
SolidWorks),
- Development of special designs,
- Calculation of boiler weights,
- Design verification and modification proposals,
- Water and steam calculation,
- Heat exchange control.
In this field we focus on most modern
simulation technology (CFD, FEM) to ensure best quality and highest efficiency.
Boiler Construction
The La Mont boiler is an ideal waste heat boiler and also suitable for
applications requiring a special boiler design, e.g. due to lack of space.
Therefore, local conditions are almost irrelevant as water circulation can be
easily realised also at angled tube arrangements due to the circulation pump.
Examples for La Mont boilers are:
- Waste heat steam boilers at processes with hot gases and dust content,
- Waste heat steam boilers behind fluidized bed combustion,
- Waste heat system in nitric acid and caprolactam hydroxylamine plants,
- Waste heat steam boiler in roasting processes,
- Waste heat systems in sulphuric acid plants.
Potential fuels
are:
- Oil,
- Gas,
- Coal,
- Biomass,
- Waste,
- Waste heat.
Advantages of the La Mont system compared to natural
circulation system
Water circulation runs before heating starts.
Inevitably, water is distributed on all tubes according to heat absorption of
each single tube. Even at very high specific heat load of single locations there
is no danger of a local tube overheating, as mass flow is adjusted to that high
load.
Material Stress of the Heated Tubes
The possibility to
use tubes with smaller diameter leads to thinner tube wall thickness and
therewith to decreased material stress of the tubes due to the difference
between tube outer and inner temperature. Forced circulation provides an even
temperature in all tubes at start-up yet.
Steam and Water
Separation
Water circulation ratio is limited to a factor 2 to 5.
Thereby, separation of steam and water in the drum will be eased. As a
consequence the drum can be smaller at constant steam quality.
Quick
Start-Up from Cold Condition
Start-up can be carried out with high
combustion capacity as a water circulation in the tubes already exists before
start-up. At waste heat boilers the tubes can be loaded with the full heat
amount immediately. For the actual boiler the start-up velocity is only given by
the valid temperature gradient in the drum wall, which depends on the wall
thickness. The drum diameter at a La Mont boiler can be smaller than at a
natural circulation boiler. So the wall thickness can be smaller, which leads to
advantages at start-up. At start-up superheater and pre-heater can be cooled
with forced circulation by a corresponding circuit.
Fast load
changes
Load changes from small to large can be carried out very quickly
as mass flow in the tubes already exists at small load. At natural circulation
boilers mass flow has to speed up at heating. At start-up from cold condition
and at load increase a part of the water is displaced from the heating surfaces
into the drum by steam bubbles. A La Mont boiler has a smaller amount of water
compared to a natural circulation system as on the one hand circulation number
is smaller and on the other hand heating surfaces contains less water due to
smaller tube diameter.
Pressure Decrease
The valid pressure
decrease velocity depends on the water velocity in the downcomers. At a natural
circulation boiler this velocity is limited by the frictional resistance, which
again is given by the natural buoyancy height, i.e. the boiler height. At a La
Mont boiler the water velocity in the downcomers can be optimised by choosing
the net pressure of the circulation pump.
Design
Freedom
Compared to a natural circulation boiler where gravity has to be
regarded at tube arrangement, the tubes in a La Mont boiler can be arranged
arbitrarily as water circulation can be arranged independent by the special La
Mont circulation pump.
All these reasons prove that a La Mont boiler is
an ideal waste heat boiler: Tube arrangement can be adapted to the site
condition without limitation. Even at very high heating very long horizontal
tube arrangements are possible. Utilization of remaining heat from chemical or
metallurgical processes is possible without danger for the heating surfaces even
with highest temperatures. Additionally, utilization of remaining heat from
processes with relative low temperatures, but very high fuel gas amount, where
large draught cross section is required is possible. Despite this high fuel gas
amount the boiler can be adapted to the existing site condition.
Usually, for forced distribution of the water also the single tube banks
are provided with La Mont nozzles. Exact water circulation calculations show if
nozzles are necessary.
Once-through water tube boiler
Demand
for higher efficiency and enlargement of energy demand led to higher pressure,
temperature and performance. This demand affects steam generator types and
design. At natural circulation pressure above ca. 180 bar lead to the presented
complications. However, already in the 1930ies the development of once-through
system was encouraged, because big drums and downcomers are not necessary in
that system. Additionally, a larger combustion chamber (for difficult coal
types) can be design due to higher design freedom compared to natural
circulation systems. It was also recognized that owing to a more flexible
reaction on heat input a more frequent start-up and shut-down is not a problem.
Obviously, the once-through system, where feed water is pre-heated, evaporated
and superheated in one step, allows to apply the highest yet controllable
pressure and temperature. Supercritical pressure of 400 bar, superheater
temperature of almost 700 °C at capacity of over 2000 t/h steam and thermal
efficiency of 43 % in condensation power plant are in realm of possibility.
Site Construction
How will the technical tasks be solved? Reasonable and profitable solutions do
exist. We have a wide and extensive experience in the field of energy conversion
regarding boiler and combustion technology.
Generally a modular approach
allows a number of boilers to be combined to make whatever capacity is necessary
for even the largest most ambitious projects. A power generating plant can be
divided approximately into the following sections:- Fuel storage including reception and storage,
- Combustion including deashing and air supply,
- Steam boiler(s) complete with economiser, evaporator and superheater, in
some cases these may be hot water boilers only,
- Flue gas cleaning equipment according to the regulations,
- Flue gas monitoring and instrumentation,
- Power generator (usually a steam turbine, but also may be a piston engine,
e.g. a Sterling or Spilling engine).
The section where the technical
risk is focused is the combustion, boiler and flue gas cleaning. However, most
solutions may be found in one of the existing Corner Tube or La Mont Boilers
already in use world-wide.
Expert Reports
La Mont is called a boiler expert to examine boiler plants. This could be plants
with or without La Mont boilers. Technical calculations and measurements will
support the evaluation in the expert reports.
Expert reports will be
made for most different requirements of the client:- Valuation of the remaining lifetime of boiler plants,
- Valuation of corrosion damages,
- Valuation of the fouling behaviour in boiler plants (especially biomass),
- Process engineering, total evaluation of a plant with regard to increase of
availability and economy,
- Valuation of flow behaviour in boilers,
- Valuation of weak points of water circulation,
- Expert support concerning warrantee (supplier / operator),
- Valuation of maintenance measures.
Our clients are energy
suppliers, project works, insurance companies and lawyer’s offices.
[Text zitiert von der Website]
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Biomasse
Lamont Kessel Eckrohrkessel Kesselfertigung Heißwasserkessel Naturumlaufkessel
Biomasseverbrennung Abfallverbrennung Heizkraftwerk |
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